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Figure: Multiple Concurrent Proposers in Ethereum In this article we study the strengths, weaknesses, and implementation challenges of Multiple Concurrent Block Proposers (MCP)1 and Fork-Choice Enforced Inclusion Lists (FOCIL)2, with a particular focus on the BRAID MCP model as discussed in the recent Paradigm Research Workshop3. The primary go...

In this article I will present some thoughts and meditations on the Espresso shared sequencing marketplace design1 and some challenges related to this design space. You can read the original Espresso’s article on their design at https://hackmd.io/@EspressoSystems/market-design. Note: Many thanks to Terry @ EclipseLabs for sharing his notes on ...

Overview In this blog post, we will unpack and review the key insights and contributions of the paper Robust Restaking Networks. We will explore the innovative models and conditions proposed by Durvasula and Roughgarden, aimed at ensuring that restaking networks remain secure even in the face of potential attacks. From the importance of overco...

Introduction In the evolving landscape of multi-chain world, one of the key components to unlocking the full potential of cross-chain interactions is through maximizing the value extracted from miner-extractable value, or MEV. This article will explore the mathematical models and optimization of auction mechanisms to maximize proposer revenues ...

WIP - Work in progress Note: Many thanks to Barnabé Monnot for reviewing, guidance, and providing feedback. Introduction In this post, we explore the intriguing world of edge cases within First Price Sealed Bid Auction (FPSBA) and Second Price Sealed Bid Auction (SPSBA) in Ethereum’s Proposer Builder Separation (PBS) scheme, where traditional...

Note: Many thanks to Barnabé Monnot for reviewing, guidance, and providing feedback. Introduction Ethereum’s shift to a Proof of Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism introduces a clear division of roles in block proposal and construction through the Proposer-Builder Separation (PBS) 12. This structure not only improves operational efficiency but al...

Overview Public blockchains like Ethereum provide an ideal infrastructure for the development and operation of AI agents, due to their distinctive features that align perfectly with the needs of decentralized, autonomous systems. These platforms not only support but enhance the capabilities of AI agents, fostering a new era of technological int...

In Ethereum consensus mechanism, it’s critical for all participating nodes to agree on the state of the system consistently and efficiently. The Simple Serialize (SSZ) framework facilitates this through Merkleization, a process that transforms serialized data into a Merkle tree structure. This wiki page discusses the intricacies of Merkleization...