Home

Part 1: Foundations of Queueing Theory for Solana’s Fee Markets Introduction Solana’s promise of fast, high-throughput blockchain operations relies on an efficient fee market that keeps the network stable even under heavy load. In traditional blockchains, a simple “bidding war” can prioritize transactions by fee, but Solana’s architecture invo...

Special thank yous to Terry and Fikunmi for reading early versions of this article and providing feedback. Introduction Solana is a high-throughput blockchain that aims to maintain full capacity utilization without artificially constraining blockspace. Unlike Ethereum—which relies on a dynamic base fee model (EIP-1559) that makes blockspace ex...

Introduction Maintaining censorship resistance (CR) is important to ensure the integrity, fairness, and decentralization of decentralized applications (dApps). Censorship resistance safeguards against malicious actors attempting to manipulate transaction processing, thereby preserving the foundational principles of blockchain systems. The Atla...

WORK IN PROGRESS Abstract Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) has emerged as a critical factor influencing fairness, efficiency, and decentralization within blockchain ecosystems. MEV refers to the additional value that can be extracted through the manipulation of transaction ordering, insertion, or censorship within a block. This article presen...

Special thank yous to @ThogardPvP & @jacobeth4 from @0xFastLane, @ballsyalchemist from @sorella_labs, and @DariusTabai from @vertex_protocol for reading early versions of this article and providing feedback. Introduction As blockchain technology matures, decentralized applications (dApps) face increasing challenges in managing transaction ...

Let’s develop a framework around how Liquid Restaking Token (LRT) providers could measure and relay the worst-case stake loss $R_\psi(C)$ for different validators, calculate cross-contagion risk (which is important when validators are interconnected or share market risks), and how this could feed into an overall system like Nucleus to provide mo...

WIP - WORK IN PROGRESS Introduction In this technical blog, we will explore deeper into the gas efficiency trade-off, using the insights from Fastlane’s ASS framework1. Their observations, particularly around domain-specific constraints, will serve as the foundation for developing a rigorous, mathematical model that captures the intricacies of...

Introduction Social consensus is often treated like a magic fix for safety faults in blockchain networks, especially in the fast-paced conversations on Crypto Twitter (CT). But if history has taught us anything—whether it’s the bitter small block vs. big block debates or the Ethereum split after the DAO fork—it’s that social consensus is anythi...