Choosing the Right Data Availability Layer - A Deep Dive into Celestia, Polygon Avail, and EigenDA
TL;DR
Data availability (DA) ensures that anyone can retrieve the necessary information (transactions) for verifying a blockchain or rollup.
Posting all rollup data on Ethereum is secure but very expensive and limited by Ethereum’s throughput.
Celestia, Polygon Avail, and EigenDA each tackle off-chain data availability differently, with ...
Routing Revolution in AMM - Hooks in Uniswap V4 and Optimal Trade Execution - A Paper Review
For those familiar with Uniswap, you know its power lies in its simplicity: liquidity pools governed by constant function market maker (CFMM) formulas. Recently, Uniswap V4 introduced Hooks which are smart contract “extensions” that inject custom logic into these pools. Imagine: dynamic fees adjusting to volatility, on-chain limit orders directl...
Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) and L2 Sequencers - Challenges, Trade-offs, and Security Implications
Introduction and Background
Many Layer-2 (L2) blockchain systems today rely on a single, centralized sequencer to collect, order, and batch user transactions before submitting them to Layer 1 (L1). This design is popular because it’s straightforward to implement, offers high throughput, and provides a fast user experience. However, it also crea...
How Erasure Coding Works in Solana - A Deep Dive into Reed–Solomon and Data Propagation
Solana achieves high throughput and near-instant finality, yet it must also handle the reality of real-world networks: data loss, latency, and potential adversarial behavior. One key strategy used is erasure coding—specifically, Reed–Solomon codes—which allow a block (or shard set) to be reconstructed even if some data packets are lost.
In this...
Understanding Erasure Coding - A Deep Dive into Mathematical Foundations
Introduction
Imagine you’re part of a new decentralized blockchain aiming to store massive amounts of data on-chain—think NFT artwork, transaction histories, and user-generated archives. Each node in the network hosts only a slice of the total ledger. Some nodes go offline unexpectedly; others might be malicious. Directly replicating every byte...
Exploring Ethereum Native Rollups - The Convergence of L1 and L2
WIP - WORK IN PROGRESS
Introduction: The Convergence of L1 and L2
Over the last several years, the Ethereum community has embraced rollups—layer-two solutions that bundle transactions and post data to Ethereum—transforming Ethereum from a single “global computer” into a network of specialized execution environments. Yet every major rollup st...
Dominant Resource Fairness for High Performance Blockchains - A Multi-Dimensional Leap Beyond EIP-1559
Introduction
What if high performance blockchain like Solana’s fee model could automatically adjust not just for compute usage, but also for memory, network bandwidth, and I/O? In high-throughput environments, multiple resource bottlenecks can emerge—yet traditional one-dimensional fee mechanisms rarely capture this reality.
In Part 1 of our s...
Exploring Dynamic Base Fees for Solana’s Parallel Fee Markets
Overview
Solana’s blockchain model is known for its parallel execution and local fee markets, which enable high throughput and low latency at scale. However, static fee structures can fall short when network usage surges, as they lack an automated mechanism to adjust transaction costs in real time. In this post, we explore dynamic base fees—ins...
69 post articles, 9 pages.